Tunisia

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Introduction - Tunisia:
Location - Tunisia:
People - Tunisia:
Government - Tunisia:
Economy - Tunisia:

Economy overview

Tunisia has a diverse economy, with important agricultural, mining, energy, tourism, and manufacturing sectors. Governmental control of economic affairs while still heavy has gradually lessened over the past decade with increasing privatization, simplification of the tax structure, and a prudent approach to debt. Progressive social policies also have helped raise living conditions in Tunisia relative to the region. Real growth slowed to a 15-year low of 1.9% in 2002 because of agricultural drought and lackluster tourism. Increased rain helped to push GDP growth to an average rate of 5% in 2003-05. However, a recession in agriculture, weak expansion in the tourism and textile sectors, and increasing import costs due to rising world energy prices cut growth to 4% in 2006. Tunisia is gradually removing barriers to trade with the EU. Broader privatization, further liberalization of the investment code to increase foreign investment, improvements in government efficiency, and reduction of the trade deficit are among the challenges ahead.

Gdp purchasing power parity

$89.74 billion (2006 est.)

Gdp official exchange rate

$33.29 billion (2006 est.)

Gdp real growth rate

5.1% (2006 est.)

Gdp per capita ppp

$8,800 (2006 est.)

Gdp composition by sector

agriculture: 12.8%
industry: 31%
services: 56.2% (2006 est.)

Labor force

3.502 million
note: shortage of skilled labor (2006 est.)

Labor force by occupation

agriculture: 55%
industry: 23%
services: 22% (1995 est.)

Unemployment rate

13.9% (2006 est.)

Population below poverty line

7.4% (2005 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 2.3%
highest 10%: 31.8% (1995)

Distribution of family income gini index

40 (2005 est.)

Inflation rate consumer prices

4.6% (2006 est.)

Investment gross fixed

22.3% of GDP (2006 est.)

Budget

revenues: $7.728 billion
expenditures: $8.734 billion; including capital expenditures of $1.6 billion (2006 est.)

Public debt

57.3% of GDP (2006 est.)

Agriculture products

olives, olive oil, grain, tomatoes, citrus fruit, sugar beets, dates, almonds; beef, dairy products

Industries

petroleum, mining (particularly phosphate and iron ore), tourism, textiles, footwear, agribusiness, beverages

Industrial production growth rate

4.7% (2006 est.)

Electricity production

11.81 billion kWh (2004)

Electricity consumption

10.97 billion kWh (2004)

Electricity exports

15 million kWh (2004)

Electricity imports

5 million kWh (2004)

Oil production

81,530 bbl/day (2004 est.)

Oil consumption

89,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)

Oil exports

NA bbl/day

Oil imports

NA bbl/day

Oil proved reserves

1.7 billion bbl (2006 est.)

Natural gas production

2.4 billion cu m (2004 est.)

Natural gas consumption

3.7 billion cu m (2004 est.)

Natural gas exports

0 cu m (2004 est.)

Natural gas imports

1.3 billion cu m (2004 est.)

Natural gas proved reserves

77.87 billion cu m (1 January 2005 est.)

Current account balance

-$760 million (2006 est.)

Exports

$11.61 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)

Exports commodities

clothing, semi-finished goods and textiles, agricultural products, mechanical goods, phosphates and chemicals, hydrocarbons

Exports partners

France 28.9%, Italy 20.4%, Germany 8.6%, Spain 6.1%, Libya 4.9%, US 4% (2006)

Imports

$13.89 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)

Imports commodities

textiles, machinery and equipment, hydrocarbons, chemicals, foodstuffs

Imports partners

France 24.9%, Italy 21.8%, Germany 9.4%, Spain 4.7% (2006)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$6.646 billion (2006 est.)

Debt external

$18.37 billion (30 June 2006 est.)

Economic aid recipient

$328 million (2004)

Currency code

Tunisian dinar (TND)

Exchange rates

Tunisian dinars per US dollar - 1.331 (2006), 1.2974 (2005), 1.2455 (2004), 1.2885 (2003), 1.4217 (2002)

Communications - Tunisia:
Transportation - Tunisia:
Military - Tunisia:
This page was last updated on 16 September, 2007
Source: CIA >>>


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